Series 65 Practice Module – Risk and Return
- April 1, 2025
- Posted by: 'FINRA Exam Mastery'
- Category: Finance
🧾 Series 65 Practice Module – Risk and Return
📘 Sharpen Your Mastery of Risk, Return, and Portfolio Principles
This practice module targets a core exam area of the Series 65: Risk and Return. You’ll review definitions, calculations, and real-world applications through mini-cases and practice questions. This module helps reinforce key concepts tested on the exam such as standard deviation, beta, systematic vs. unsystematic risk, and risk-adjusted returns.
🎯 1. Key Concepts Summary
Concept | Definition |
---|---|
Total Return | Income + capital gains ÷ initial investment |
Standard Deviation | Measures total (systematic + unsystematic) volatility |
Beta | Measures stock volatility relative to the market (systematic risk) |
Alpha | Risk-adjusted return above what CAPM predicts |
Sharpe Ratio | Measures excess return per unit of total risk (uses standard deviation) |
Systematic Risk | Market-wide risk (non-diversifiable) – e.g., interest rate, recession |
Unsystematic Risk | Company-specific risk – e.g., management issues, product recalls |
Diversification | Reduces unsystematic risk, not systematic risk |
Correlation | How two assets move relative to each other (ranges from -1 to +1) |
🧠 2. Practice Questions
Q1. An investor earns 4% interest income and 6% in capital gains on a $1,000 bond. What is the total return?
A) 4%
B) 6%
C) 10%
D) 5%
✅ Answer: C – Total return = (40 + 60) ÷ 1000 = 10%
Q2. Which type of risk cannot be reduced by diversification?
A) Credit risk
B) Business risk
C) Systematic risk
D) Regulatory risk
✅ Answer: C – Systematic risk (e.g., market crashes) affects all securities and can’t be diversified away.
Q3. A portfolio has a Sharpe ratio of 1.2. What does that indicate?
A) The portfolio has performed below the risk-free rate
B) The portfolio has outperformed the market significantly
C) The portfolio has good risk-adjusted returns
D) The portfolio has high unsystematic risk
✅ Answer: C – A Sharpe ratio over 1 is generally considered good; it shows excess return per unit of total risk.
Q4. A stock has a beta of 1.5. What does this tell us?
A) The stock is less volatile than the market
B) The stock has high unsystematic risk
C) The stock is 50% more volatile than the market
D) The stock will lose value during a bull market
✅ Answer: C – Beta of 1.5 means the stock moves 50% more than the market, up or down.
Q5. An adviser selects 3 non-correlated assets for a portfolio. The main goal of this strategy is to:
A) Increase returns through leverage
B) Reduce total return
C) Eliminate market risk
D) Reduce unsystematic risk
✅ Answer: D – Combining uncorrelated assets reduces unsystematic risk through diversification.
🔍 3. Mini Case Application
Case:
Sarah is building a retirement portfolio. She holds 50% in U.S. Treasuries (beta = 0.2), 30% in a large-cap stock fund (beta = 1.0), and 20% in an emerging markets ETF (beta = 2.1). The portfolio’s overall return was 9% over the past year. The risk-free rate is 2%.
Question: What can we infer about the portfolio’s risk profile?
- It has low total volatility due to diversification
- The weighted average beta is:
(0.2 × 0.5) + (1.0 × 0.3) + (2.1 × 0.2) = 0.1 + 0.3 + 0.42 = 0.82
So the portfolio is slightly less volatile than the market overall, yet returns 9%, which indicates positive alpha if expected return was lower.
📊 4. Quick Reference Formula Sheet
Metric | Formula |
---|---|
Total Return | (Income + Gain) ÷ Investment |
Sharpe Ratio | (Portfolio Return – Risk-Free Rate) ÷ Standard Deviation |
Beta (β) | % Change in Stock ÷ % Change in Market |
Alpha | Actual Return – Expected Return (based on CAPM) |
Expected Return | Risk-Free Rate + β × (Market Return – Risk-Free Rate) |
🚀 Want More Series 65 Practice Modules?
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